Common Pill Bug (Armadillidium vulgare)

Common Pill Bug (Armadillidium vulgare)

Morphology

• Size: 10 to 18 mm long.
• Shape: Oval, segmented body, convex on top.
• Color: Gray to dark brown.
• Antennae and Legs: Two pairs of antennae (one small), seven pairs of legs.

Habitat

• Distribution: Worldwide, especially in temperate regions.
• Preferences: Humid, dark places (under stones, dead leaves).

Diet

• Diet: Detritivore (feeds on decomposing organic matter).
• Ecological Role: Recycles nutrients and enriches soil.

Reproduction

• Life Cycle: Egg to adult, up to three years.
• Reproduction: Females carry eggs in a special pouch (marsupium).

Defense

• Rolling into a Ball: Protects against predators.
• Chemical Substances: Deter predators.

Adaptations

• Water Retention: Special structures to absorb moisture.
• Respiration: Pseudotracheae require a humid environment.

The common pill bug plays a key role in the ecosystem by decomposing organic matter, with unique adaptations to terrestrial life.